The secret of shade: discover the art behind Matcha plants

Introduction

Matcha, the finely ground, vibrant green tea, has captivated the taste buds and hearts of people around the world. But beyond the rich flavor and robust health benefits lies a crucial, often overlooked step in production: the art of shading matcha tea plants. This process, which is deeply rooted in tradition, plays a crucial role in shaping the quality and characteristics of the matcha you enjoy. In this article, we delve into the world of matcha cultivation to explore how this unique shading process improves the quality and flavor profile of the tea.

The importance of shade

The practice of shading matcha plants begins several weeks before harvest. This method, known as "Kabuse", involves covering the tea plants with tarpaulin or bamboo mats to significantly reduce their exposure to sunlight. But why shadows? The answer lies in the plant's response to this change in environment. Reduced sunlight activates a survival mechanism in the tea plants, causing them to increase chlorophyll production. This not only gives matcha its characteristic vibrant green color, but also increases the levels of amino acids such as L-Theanine, which are responsible for the tea's smooth, umami-rich taste.

Hands of a tea grower carefully hold a bundle of fresh, green matcha tea leaves, ready for processing

Historical context

The tradition of shading tea plants goes back centuries in Japan, where matcha originated. Initially, this technique was developed to protect the delicate tea leaves from frost and bright sunlight. Over time, tea growers noticed that shaded leaves produced a superior flavor profile, leading to the deliberate practice of shade as a cultivation technique. This historical evolution reflects the deep connection between agricultural practices and the natural environment, a relationship revered in Japanese culture.

Shadow techniques and their impact​

Different shading techniques can result in variations in the taste and quality of matcha. The duration and type of fencing material used play a crucial role. Traditional farmers often use handmade bamboo mats or straw, which allows precise control over the amount of filtered light. These artisanal methods, passed down from generation to generation, ensure a delicate balance between shade and light, crucial for nourishing the unique properties of the tea leaves.

Momentary Shadows​

  • When tea plants are shaded for a shorter period of time, usually around 7 to 10 days, they experience mild limitation in sunlight.</ li>
  • This shorter shade period often results in a subtle increase in L-Theanine, an amino acid that contributes to a sweeter, umami-rich taste.
  • The tea usually has a balanced taste with both sweet and grassy notes, because photosynthesis is not extremely limited.
  • The tea retains a degree of the traditional 'green' or 'vegetal' flavor characteristic of green tea.

Long Lasting Shadows

  • Prolonged shading, which can last 20 days or more, significantly limits the plant's exposure to sunlight.
  • This intensifies the production of chlorophyll (which gives the leaves a deeper green color) and L-Theanine. The result is a richer, more umami-concentrated flavor that is often described as 'sweeter' and 'smoother'.
  • Teas that have been shaded longer often have a fuller, creamier mouthfeel and a less bitter aftertaste.
  • This method can also lead to a reduction in catechins, the components responsible for bitterness in tea, making the tea softer.

The science behind shading

From a scientific perspective, shade changes the biochemical composition of tea leaves. The reduced light levels cause a decrease in photosynthesis, leading to higher chlorophyll concentrations, which contribute to matcha's deep green hue. Additionally, shade increases the production of catechins, compounds known for their antioxidant properties. The balance of catechins, amino acids and chlorophyll gives matcha its distinctive taste and health benefits.

Cultivation and care​

Sun protection is a labor-intensive process that requires meticulous care and attention. The timing of when to provide shade and for how long varies depending on geographic location, weather patterns and desired leaf quality. Experienced farmers monitor the plants closely and make adjustments where necessary to achieve optimal growing conditions. This hands-on approach is a testament to the artisanal nature of matcha production, where every step is carefully considered and executed.

Harvesting Post-Shading

After the shading period, which typically lasts between 20 to 30 days, the tea leaves are ready for harvesting. This stage is crucial, as the timing of the harvest can influence the flavor profile of the matcha. Leaves harvested earlier in the season, known as "first flush," are considered premium, offering a more delicate and sweeter taste.

Conclusion

The shading of matcha plants is an art form that reflects the deep cultural heritage and meticulous care behind matcha production. This crucial step not only enhances the visual appeal and flavor of the tea but also embodies the dedication of matcha farmers to preserving traditional methods. As you enjoy your next cup of matcha, remember the shaded fields that played a vital role in its journey from leaf to cup. The nuanced art of shading, steeped in history and refined by science, is a testament to the dedication of those who continue to uphold these time-honored practices.

- Niels -

Waarom Matcha kopen bij theewinkel Het Kleinste Huis

Ontdek bij Theewinkel Het Kleinste Huis matcha van ceremoniële kwaliteit, waar traditie en puurheid samenkomen in uw kopje. Onze matcha, direct afkomstig van Japanse theeplantages, staat garant voor een ongeëvenaarde smaakervaring. Elke gram Matcha komt van de beste, zorgvuldig beschaduwde theeplanten, verzekert van een krachtige umami-smaak en een fluweelzachte textuur die de zintuigen prikkelt.

Kies voor Het Kleinste Huis, waar elke lepel matcha het resultaat is van eeuwenoud vakmanschap en duurzame teelt.

Hi, I'm Niels and a passionate tea lover. Since 2014 I share my love for tea in my own shop, Het Kleinste Huis, and on my blog. Here I share my knowledge and experiences to inspire and inform others about the fascinating world of tea. Follow my blog and discover new flavors, teas and adventures with me.

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